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Nigella sativa |
Nigella sativa
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| Scientific classification |
| Kingdom: |
Plantae
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| Division: |
Magnoliophyta
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| Class: |
Magnoliopsida
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| Order: |
Ranunculales
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| Family: |
Ranunculaceae
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| Genus: |
Nigella
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| Species: |
N. sativa
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Binomial name
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Nigella sativa
L. |
Nigella sativa is an annual flowering plant, native to southwest Asia. It grows to 20-30 cm tall, with finely divided, linear (but not thread-like) leaves. The flowers are delicate, and usually coloured pale blue and white, with 5-10 petals. The fruit is a large and inflated capsule composed of 3-7 united follicles, each containing numerous seeds.
The seed is used
as a spice. Nigella sativa seed is known variously as kalonji कलौंजी or कलोंजी (Hindi), kezah קצח (Hebrew), charnushka (Russian), çörek otu (Turkish), habbah Albarakah, حبه البركة (literally seeds of blessing
Arabic) or siyah daneh سیاهدانه (Persian).
In English it is called fennel flower, black caraway, nutmeg flower,
Roman coriander, or black onion seed.
Other names used, sometimes
misleadingly, are onion seed and black sesame (both of which are
similar-looking but unrelated). Frequently the seeds are referred to as
black cumin, this is, however, also used for a different spice, Bunium
persicum.
It is also sometimes just referred to as nigella or black
seed. An old English name gith is now used for the corncockle.
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